Borlaug FTW
Norman Ernest Borlaug (
/ˈbɔːrlɔːɡ/; March 25, 1914 – September 12, 2009)
[2] was an American
agronomist who led initiatives worldwide that contributed to the extensive increases in agricultural production termed the
Green Revolution. Borlaug was awarded multiple honors for his work, including the
Nobel Peace Prize, the
Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the
Congressional Gold Medal, one of only seven people to have received all three awards.
[3]
Borlaug received his
B.S. in
forestry in 1937 and
PhD in
plant pathology and
genetics from the
University of Minnesota in 1942. He took up an agricultural research position with
CIMMYT in Mexico, where he developed semi-dwarf, high-
yield,
disease-resistant wheat
varieties.
[4][1] During the mid-20th century, Borlaug led the introduction of these high-yielding varieties combined with modern agricultural production techniques to Mexico, Pakistan, and India. As a result, Mexico became a net exporter of wheat by 1963. Between 1965 and 1970, wheat yields nearly doubled in Pakistan and India, greatly improving the
food security in those nations.
[5]
Borlaug is often called "the father of the Green Revolution",
[6][7] and is credited with saving over a billion people worldwide from
starvation.
[8][3][9][10][11][12] According to Jan Douglas, executive assistant to the president of the
World Food Prize Foundation, the source of this number is
Gregg Easterbrook's 1997 article "Forgotten Benefactor of Humanity." The article states that the "form of agriculture that Borlaug preaches may have prevented a billion deaths."
[13] Dennis T. Avery also estimated that the number of lives saved by Borlaug's efforts to be one billion.
[12] In 2009,
Josette Sheeran, then the Executive Director of the
World Food Programme, stated that Borlaug "saved more lives than any man in human history".
[14] He was awarded the
1970 Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of his contributions to
world peace through increasing food supply.
Later in his life, he helped apply these methods of increasing food production in Asia and Africa.
[15] He was also an accomplished wrestler in college and a pioneer of wrestling in the United States, being inducted into the
National Wrestling Hall of Fame for his contributions.
[16][17]